What are the common cannulation sites in children?

The preferred cannulation sites are the veins of the non-dominant forearm. These veins are often easy to palpate in older children but might be more difficult in the chubby toddler.

How do you find a vein in a child?

Making the vein easier to see

1. Place your child’s arm, hand, or other area for the stick lower than the heart.
2. Use a tourniquet.
3. Wipe the area with alcohol.
4. Use heat, such as a warm compress.
5. Ask your child to make a fist,
6. Give extra fluids, only if your child is allowed to drink.
7. Use a small device called a vein finder.

How do you put an IV in a child?

A specially trained nurse or doctor will:

1. Find a vein for the IV.
2. Tie a wide elastic band above the vein.
3. Clean the skin where the IV will go in.
4. Insert a thin plastic tube into a vein using a needle.
5. Remove the needle, leaving the tube in place.
6. Tape the tube to the child’s arm to hold it in place.

What are the common site of IV puncture site?

The most common site for an IV catheter is the forearm, the back of the hand or the antecubital fossa. The catheters are for peripheral use and should be placed where veins are easy to access and have good blood flow, although the easiest accessible site is not always the most suitable.

What is the best method of extravasation prevention?

Apply either ice packs or warm compresses to the affected area, depending on the type of vesicant. For most extravasations, apply ice for 20 minutes four to six times a day for 24 to 48 hours. However, treat extravasations from vinca alkaloids, epipodophyllotoxins, and vasoconstricting drugs with heat.

What equipment is needed for IV insertion?

IV Start Kits – If you are having peripheral IVs with angiocaths, you will need an IV Start Kit for the supplies needed to start your IV. This includes a tourniquet, alcohol pads, transparent dressing, tape, etc.

What gauge IV is used for children?

Peripheral IV Catheter Chart

Which vein is used for IV?

The three main veins of the antecubital fossa (the cephalic, basilic, and median cubital) are frequently used. These veins are usually large, easy to find, and accomodating of larger IV catheters. Thus, they are ideal sites when large amounts of fluids must be administered.

How do you prevent phlebitis at IV site?

You can prevent many instances of phlebitis by choosing the proper insertion site, I.V. device, and securement technique. Administer irritating solutions via a central line, not a peripheral line. Check an I.V. drug book or ask the pharmacist if you’re unsure how to safely administer a medication.

How can we prevent IV extravasation?

Ensure that the drug has been properly diluted before injection or infusion. Dilution reduces the amount of vesicant that would reach subcutaneous tissue if extravasation occurs. Dilution also helps you to detect edema or complaints of pain before the entire dose has been administered.

What are the signs of extravasation?

What are signs of an infiltration/extravasation?

• Redness around the site.
• Swelling, puffy or hard skin around the site.
• Blanching (lighter skin around the IV site)
• Pain or tenderness around the site.
• IV not working.
• Cool skin temperature around the IV site or of the scalp, hand, arm, leg or foot near the site.