What are the two types of diabetes insipidus?
The types of diabetes insipidus include central, nephrogenic, dipsogenic, and gestational. Each type of diabetes insipidus has a different cause. The main complication of diabetes insipidus is dehydration if fluid loss is greater than liquid intake.
Does diabetes insipidus have types?
Diabetes insipidus is caused by problems related to the antidiuretic hormone (ADH) or its receptor and causes frequent urination. There are four types of diabetes insipidus; 1) central diabetes insipidus, 2) nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, 3) dipsogenic diabetes insipidus, and 4) gestational diabetes insipidus.
What is the pathology of diabetes insipidus?
Diabetes insipidus is caused by abnormality in the functioning or levels of antidiuretic hormone (ADH), also known of as vasopressin. Manufactured in the hypothalamus and stored in the pituitary gland, ADH helps to regulate the amount of fluid in the body.
What are the two most common causes of diabetes insipidus DI )?
Damage to the pituitary gland or hypothalamus from surgery, a tumor, head injury or illness can cause central diabetes insipidus by affecting the usual production, storage and release of ADH . An inherited genetic disease also can cause this condition.
What is the most common type of diabetes insipidus?
Cranial diabetes insipidus is the most common type of diabetes insipidus. It can be caused by damage to the hypothalamus or pituitary gland – for example, after an infection, operation, brain tumour or head injury.
Is diabetes insipidus serious?
Diabetes insipidus becomes a serious problem only for people who cannot replace the fluid that is lost in the urine. Access to water and other fluids makes the condition manageable.
Is sodium high or low in diabetes insipidus?
Diabetes insipidus is present when the serum osmolality is raised (>295 milliOsmol/kg) with inappropriately dilute urine (urine osmolality <700 milliOsmol/kg). The serum sodium is often elevated due to excess free water losses.
What are the two main symptoms of diabetes insipidus?
The symptoms of diabetes insipidus include:
- Extreme thirst that can’t be quenched (polydipsia)
- Excessive amounts of urine (polyuria)
- Colourless urine instead of pale yellow.
- Waking frequently through the night to urinate.
- Dry skin.
- Constipation.
- Weak muscles.
- Bedwetting.
Which hormonal deficiency causes diabetes insipidus in a client?
Anti-diuretic hormone (ADH) deficiency An ADH deficiency can cause a disorder called diabetes insipidus, which can cause: Excessive urination.
Is diabetes insipidus life threatening?
Diabetes insipidus is a rare condition in which the kidneys are unable to retain water. This leads to excessive urination and an increased risk of dehydration, a loss of body fluids and electrolytes, which can be life threatening when severe and untreated.
What are the complications of diabetes insipidus?
The 2 main complications of diabetes insipidus are dehydration and an electrolyte imbalance. Complications are more likely if the condition goes undiagnosed or is poorly controlled.
Does diabetes insipidus get worse over time?
Most of the time, diabetes insipidus is a permanent condition. You likely won’t be able to prevent it. Most often, this condition is associated with another health problem. It can be associated with abnormal kidney function or tumors.
What are the different types of diabetes insipidus?
There are two types of diabetes insipidus, cranial and nephrogenic. Cranial diabetes insipidus is a condition in which the hypothalamus does not produce enough anti-diuretic hormone. Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus is a condition in which the kidneys fail to respond to anti-diuretic hormone.
What kind of diabetes is nephrogenic diabetes insipidus?
Cranial diabetes insipidus is a condition in which the hypothalamus does not produce enough anti-diuretic hormone. Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus is a condition in which the kidneys fail to respond to anti-diuretic hormone.
Is it possible for diabetes insipidus to be inherited?
In most cases diabetes insipidus is not inherited. Very rarely, it can be due to inherited conditions such as a mutation in the genes that produce anti-diuretic hormone or faults in the genes that produce receptors within the kidney cells that enable anti-diuretic hormone to function. How is diabetes insipidus diagnosed?
Why do I have secondary central diabetes insipidus?
Secondary central diabetes insipidus is acquired later in life. The cause of primary central diabetes insipidus is often unknown. Some causes result from an abnormality in the gene responsible for vasopressin secretion. The secondary type is acquired through diseases and injuries that affect how vasopressin is produced.