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GPS/GIS Solutions for 9-1-1: New, Affordable Systems
Author            :Stig Pedersen
Designation    :GIS Business Director
Company        :Thales Navigation
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Synopsis
It’s a persistent and ongoing challenge in the world of public safety: harnessing human and technological resources to improve the ability of emergency responders to quickly and accurately identify the location of an incident and to get there in the shortest possible time. While E-911 systems have eliminated most of the problems associated with callers misstating or call-takers mishearing addresses, the problem of actually finding the address remains, particularly in rural areas. Today there’s an emerging solution that public safety organizations are turning to: versatile GPS technology and its database companion, the geographical information system (GIS), a pair of powerful tools that are having a major influence on the way public safety agencies do business. In practice, that means identifying, mapping and later locating buildings, fire hydrants, power lines, or any other physical feature, not by street address, but by GPS coordinates.

This paper discusses some important advances in GPS/GIS and mapping technologies as they apply to public safety. GPS data collection, and the proliferating geographical information systems (GIS) that use that data for mapping geographic areas, their features and their attributes, are about to undergo an important change. Once the province of GIS managers, professionals and consultants, GIS data collection has traditionally required hardware and software systems costing many thousands of dollars. And operating them required people with the expertise of a professional surveyor. Now new systems are inexpensive and as easy to use as a consumer recreational GPS unit. For public safety organizations, that means that laymen – not just specialists – will be able to use the systems. It also means that organizations can now afford multiple systems for assignment to more people for more applications.The paper discusses sources for GIS databases and issues involved in local data collection. It also investigates possible applications for GPS/GIS systems in homeland security.

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